RBTs Are Mandated Reporters
Every U.S. state designates RBTs as mandated reporters of suspected child abuse and neglect. This means you are legally required — not merely permitted — to report reasonable suspicion to your state's child protective services agency.
What Triggers a Report?
You do NOT need proof. You do NOT need to investigate. The threshold is "reasonable suspicion" — meaning a reasonable person in your position would have concerns. Red flags include:
- Unexplained bruises, burns, or injuries that don't match the explanation given
- Bruising in patterns (hand prints, belt marks, cigarette burns)
- Injuries inconsistent with the child's developmental stage (a non-walking infant with a leg fracture)
- Child disclosing abuse (verbally, through play, or behaviorally)
- Persistent hunger, poor hygiene, or inappropriate clothing for the weather
- Caregiver appearing intoxicated, violent, or grossly inattentive during sessions
You Are Personally Responsible
The mandated reporter obligation is individual and non-transferable. Telling your BCBA "I'm worried about Johnny" does NOT satisfy your legal duty. You must personally file the report with the appropriate child welfare agency — even if your BCBA also files one. Most states require the report within 24-48 hours of forming the suspicion.
What If You're Wrong?
Mandated reporters who report in good faith are protected by law from civil and criminal liability, even if the report is later determined to be unfounded. The protections are explicitly designed so you can report without fear of retaliation. Failing to report carries criminal penalties in every state.
How to Document the Concern
Write factual, objective observations — what you saw, when, the child's words verbatim if applicable. Do NOT include your interpretations or accusations. Notify your BCBA simultaneously so the agency is aware. File the report through your state's online portal or hotline.